19.03.2024, 03:34 UhrDeutsch | English
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Fax-Versand unter Linux


Autor: raziel

Dieser Beitrag stellt eine vorläufige Zwischenlösung für den Fax-Versand unter Linux mit Textverarbeitungsprogrammen Open-Office-Writer, Kword oder Abiword UND efax-gtk dar.

Um von einem Einzelplatzrechner aus als normaler User unter Linux Faxe zu versenden, suche ich einen möglichst einfachen/komfortablen Weg, und das mit Hilfe einer gängigen Textverarbeitung wie z.B. Open-Office-Writer, Kword oder Abiword.

Habe ein Kanotix Bug Hunter 06/2004 mit Erweiterungen aus Debian Sid Snapshot vom 13.08.04 und eine analoge/serielle (Fax-)Modem-Verbindung an /dev/ttyS0.

Was bisher prima funktioniert: Fax erzeugen und versenden, in 2 Schritten:

  • mit einer Textverarbeitung eine Postscript-Datei erzeugen, d.h. mit Openoffice-Writer, Kword oder Abiword als normaler User ein Dokument gestalten, über den Menüpunkt Drucken in eine Datei drucken, dabei eine PostScript?-Datei erzeugen.
  • als normaler User efax-gtk aufrufen und damit das Dokument als Fax versenden. Die Datei efax-gtkrc im Home-Verzeichnis des Users wird von efax-gtk vorrangig ausgewertet und ignoriert dabei alle eventuell sonst noch existierenden efax-Konfigurationen im System.
Hier eine Beispiel-Konfiguration von efax-gtkrc im User-Homeverzeichnis:

# Beispiel-Konfiguration für efax-gtkrc im Homeverzeichnis 
# Hardware-ausstattung: Modem (analog, seriell) ist angeschlossen an COM 1 bzw. /dev/ttyS0 

# Amend it as necessary and copy to $HOME/.efax-gtkrc, 
# /usr/local/etc/efax-gtkrc or /etc/efax-gtkrc. This file is searched 
# for in that order -- ie $HOME/.efax-gtkrc has priority over 
# /usr/local/etc/efax-gtkrc and /etc/efax-gtkrc 

# Anything preceded by a `#' character is treated as a comment and 
# ignored by the program. 

# Put your name to appear on the fax top header on sent faxes here 

NAME: Manfred Mustermann 

# Put your number to appear on the fax top header on sent faxes here 
# This will also comprise the fax station ID reported to the sending 
# fax machine when receiving faxes 

NUMBER: 0123456789 

# Put the serial device to which the modem is connected here (if none 
# is given or it is commented out, the program defaults to 
# /dev/modem). Do not include the `/dev/' part of the device name -- 
# ie state it as `ttyS1' or `cua2', etc. With Linux, ttyS0 equates to 
# COM 1, ttyS1 to COM 2, and so on 

DEVICE: ttyS0 

# Put the lock file directory here. If none is given or it is 
# commented out, the program defaults to /var/lock. 

LOCK: /var/lock 

# With efax-0.9 you don't usually need to specify this, as efax will 
# work out the class of the modem. You should therefore usually leave 
# this commented out. However, with efax-0.8 the program defaults to 
# Class 2, so if you are using a Class 1 modem with old versions of 
# efax specify the Class here. Valid values are 1 for Class 1 modems 
# and 2.0 for Class 2.0 modems. With efax-0.9 you can also use the 
# value 2 to explicitly force the use of the Class 2 protocol 

#CLASS: 2 

# Specify the page size here. Values accepted are `a4', `letter' or 
# `legal'. If none is specified the program defaults to a4. 

PAGE: a4 

# This specifies the resolution to which faxes are sent. Values 
# accepted are `standard' (204x98) and `fine' (204x196). If none is 
# given the program defaults to 204x196. 

RES: fine 

# This defines the number of rings the modem allows to pass before 
# answering the telephone when in Standby mode. Acceptable values are 
# 1 to 9. If none is specified, the program defaults to 1. 

RINGS: 1 

# Valid values for the followinga are `tone' and `pulse'. If none is 
# specified, the program defaults to tone dialling. 

DIALMODE: tone 

# The following specifies the initialising `AT' commands for the modem 
# when in fax mode. Specify as many of these as are needed, separated 
# by spaces for commands to be separated, without a prepended `AT'. 
# If none is specified, the program will default to `Z &FE&D2S7=120 
# &C0 M1L0', which will be correct for practically all modems 
# ... L1 heißt: das Modem gibt in mittlerer Lautstärke Töne von sich 

INIT: Z &FE&D2S7=120 &C0 M1L1 

# The following specifies the `AT' commands to reset the modem. 
# Specify as many of these as are needed, separated by spaces for 
# commands to be separated, without a prepended `AT'. If none is 
# specified, the program will default to `Z', which will be correct 
# for practically all modems 

RESET: Z 

# The following setting specifies the capabilities of the modem. To 
# see what these mean do `man efax', and look at the operation of the 
# `-c' flag. With efax-0.9 and a Class 2 modem, you usually won't 
# need to specify this and should leave it commented out, as the 
# program will interrogate the modem. If using an older version of 
# efax or a different class of modem, values which will work with 
# practically any 14,400 bps modem are 1,5,0,2,0,0,0,0, or 
# 1,3,0,2,0,0,0,0 for slower ones. 

#CAPABILITIES: 1,5,0,2,0,0,0,0 

# The following is the command which prints and takes postscript input 
# on standard input. If none is specified, the program will default 
# to `lpr'. 

PRINT_CMD: lpr 

# The following will determine the extent to which a printed page will 
# be reduced to fit within a printer's print area. It is a percentage 
# -- eg 98 will shrink the page to 98% of its size. If none is 
# specified no shrink will take place (ie, there is no need to specify 
# `PRINT_SHRINK: 100'). Valid values are 50 to 100. 

PRINT_SHRINK: 98 

# A postscript viewer is used to view sent and received faxes via the 
# fax lists, and also to view faxes to be sent identified via the 
# "Files to fax" file selector dialog. Specify here the command to be 
# used to view postscript files. If none is specified, the program 
# will default to 'gv'. Other possibilities you may want to specify 
# are 'ggv' (the Gnome postscript viewer) or 'kghostview' (the KDE 
# postscript viewer). If using gv, you may need to use the '-media 
# A4' or '-media Letter' option to select correct paper size. ggv 
# and kghosview do this automatically 

PS_VIEWER: gv 

# The following parameter specifies a log file to which progress on 
# negotiations and fax status, and errors and warnings, are logged. 
# If LOG_FILE is left commented out, or is given no value, then no log 
# file will be maintained. (A log file can also be kept by 
# redirecting stdout and stderr -- see the README file for further 
# details). 
# die folgende Datei ist willkürlich angelegt 

LOG_FILE: /home/Manfred_Mustermann/Fax-Log-Files 

# The following can be used to pass any other parameter to efax (do 
# `man efax' to see what is available). Specify as many of these as 
# are needed, separated by spaces for different parameters -- eg 
# include `-or' to do a bit reversal during receive for Multitech 
# modems which require it. Unless you have an unusual modem, leave 
# this blank or commented out 

#PARMS: 

## end of efax-gtkrc ## 


Was derzeit bei mir noch nicht funktioniert:


  1. direkt von der Kommandozeile mit efax eine (zuvor mit Abiword, Kword oder Openoffice-Writer erzeugte) PostScript-Datei zu versenden per /usr/bin/efax -d /dev/ttyS0 -t <Ziel-Fax-Nr.> <Dateiname des Faxdokuments, z.B. testfax.ps
  2. aus Open-Office heraus direkt mit dem efax-Druckertreiber (zuvor als root unter Openoffice > Druckerverwaltung > neuer Drucker usw.) ein Dokument als Fax versenden.
Hier die Kommandozeile, mit der ich unter Openoffice den efax-Treiber - bisher erfolglos - eingerichtet habe: /usr/bin/efax -d /dev/ttyS0? -t "(PHONE)"


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